Contrast induced nephropathy after percutaneous coronary intervention: risk factors and preventive strategy

Objective To analyze the risk factors and clinical outcome of contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and discuss its prevention. Methods Fifty-four patients with CIN among 729 patients who received PCI were retrospectively studied and the related risk factors, cardiovascular events and preventive strategy were analyzed. Results CIN was strongly associated with pre-procedure chronic renal failure, diabetes mellitus and large-dose contrast. The incidence of cardiac mortality and major adverse cardiac events 1 year after PCI in CIN group was higher than that in group without CIN. Conclusion Chronic renal failure, diabetes mellitus and dosage of contrast agent were three independent risk factors of CIN. CIN could affect the patients’ prognosis. A well overall perioperative management of CAD patients following PCI, especially hydration therapy, is the most important strategy for prevention of CIN.